中国物理学会高能物理分会第十三届全国粒子物理学术会议（2021）

While perturbative QCD can explain the color, mass and energy dependences of parton energy loss and jet quenching at large transverse momentum ($p_T > 6-8$ GeV) in heavy-ion collisions [1], a simultaneous description of heavy flavor suppression factor $R_{AA}$ and $v_2$ still remains a challenge at low and intermediate $p_T$ due to non-perturbative effects. In this work [2], we solve this challenge by implementing a generalized in-medium Cornell-type potential combining with the screening of both short-range color Coulomb and long-range confining interactions to the elastic scattering interaction kernel between heavy quarks and QGP medium. Using our new approach, we obtain a satisfactory description of the nuclear modification factors and azimuthal anisotropy for heavy flavor hadrons. Our result shows that while the short-range Coulomb interaction is more dominant for heavy flavor quenching and flow at high $p_T$, the long-range confining interaction plays important roles in explaining heavy flavor $R_{AA}$ and $v_2$ at low and intermediate $p_T$. [1] W.-J. Xing, S. Cao, G.-Y. Qin, H. Xing, Phys.Lett.B 805 (2020) 135424. [2] W.-J. Xing, G.-Y. Qin, S. Cao, in preparation.